一直在說中外教學(xué)差異，這個差異在有時候區(qū)別真的是非常大，就以留學(xué)生需要寫作的report來說吧。

美國大學(xué)生由於自小已養(yǎng)成自動尋找答案習(xí)慣，在啟發(fā)式的教育環(huán)境下，寫報(bào)告、論文對他們來說比較不陌生，雖然專業(yè)知識上美國學(xué)生不見得比外籍學(xué)生強(qiáng)，但是表達(dá)能力由于自小培養(yǎng)，加上英語能力的優(yōu)勢，常比外籍學(xué)生在報(bào)告、論文方面有較隹的利基。反之中國學(xué)生比較缺乏報(bào)告寫作的訓(xùn)練，因此如果在留學(xué)過程中無法適應(yīng)美式教育會比較辛苦，其實(shí)論文、報(bào)告的寫作要領(lǐng)其實(shí)不難，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。

學(xué)術(shù)Report寫作論文結(jié)構(gòu)安排

Introduction

交代一下論文的背景，點(diǎn)出文章主題，起到與文章主體(main body)第一段的過渡作用。不知道從何說起的可以試一下以這些句式開頭：

1)This will be followed by a description of the xx of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.

2)Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.

3)In the next section,after a statement of the basic problem,various situation possibility knowledge are investigated.

4)To begin with we will provide a brisf background on xx.

觀點(diǎn)分段列Evidence and body part

1)In this section,the characteristics and environment under which xx is described.

2)We will provide in this section basic xx which are necessary for the understanding of subsequent results.

例子+分析

分析一定要辯證看，體現(xiàn)argument

關(guān)于舉例子

a)學(xué)校就有非常實(shí)用的資源網(wǎng)站：My library

b)節(jié)約時間：Google網(wǎng)站后面帶edu.ac.uk.gov.uk.bbc主要就是帶acdemic的都可以放心使用的

c)電子書：很多網(wǎng)站都有各種文獻(xiàn)的電子版，同學(xué)們直接搜就可以了!

舉例子的時候可以用以下的句子：

XX devoted to the basic aspect of XX.

XX describe the system itself in a general way,including the XX and also discuss how to evaluate system performance.

XX discusses some problems with and approaches to XX.

By the illustration of XX,...

Further lending credence to my position is that XX.

According to the investigation conducted this year indicates that XX.

結(jié)尾段總結(jié)Conlusion

1)This Report conclude with a discussion of further research consideration in XX.

2)XX provides a summary of some extensions of XX

3)The basic questions posed above are discussed and conclusion are drawn.

4)Admittedly,XX also has certain merits which deserve some words here.For example,XX

5)Therefore,due to the above mentioned reasons,which sometimes correlate with each other to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any single one of them,I reinforce my stand point that XX

結(jié)尾部分可以點(diǎn)題，并且概括主題段出現(xiàn)的要點(diǎn)，總結(jié)全文。